peporigin


Here we will examine possible sources 1) Pepperden 2) Pepperdale 3) Pepperton 4) Pepperday 5) Pedwardine
1) Pepperden The Ballad of Chevy Chase is said to be based on a border battle arising from a dispute over hunting rights between the Earl of Douglas and the Earl of Northumberland in 1436. It is sometimes referred to as the Battle of Pepperden. Although there was such a place in Northumberland it no longer exists and is too far removed from Lincolnshire to be seriously considered as a likely place of origin 2) Pepperdale As circumstantial evidence that Pepperdine is unlikely to have arisen from a now lost place in Lincolnshire consider the following A list of the names of all Wapentakes (or Hundreds) in Lincolnshire contains no letter J, Q or Z. Only one other letter does not occur and that is P. No Lincolnshire place name today seems to end -den or -dine apart from Burton Pedwardine which we know is derived from Pedwardine in Brompton Brian in Shropshire/Herefordshire. There are two place names Essendine and Whissendine in neighbouring Rutland but otherwise this suffix is not found in eastern England. Furthermore I am reliably informed that if the place Burton Pedwardine had given rise to a surname it would be Burton not Pedwardine or a variant. The Lay Subsidy for the late 1330s has been transcribed in handwritten form and is available at Lincoln Record Office. This yields only the following as possible forerunners to the name Pepperdine Parts of Holland, Donington, Pedeware, Pedewar, Pedewane Leek Peytewardyn Parts of Lindsey Friskney Pedwardyn Parts of Kesteven Burton Petewardyn Langtoft Pep Horblyng Peper The “Kelly’s Directory of Lincolnshire” dated 1930 tells us that Cadney-cum-Howsham was then a large agricultural parish in Lincolnshire to the south of the market town of Glanford Brigg (now usually called Brigg). The parish had an area of 4,540 acres of land and 8 acres of water and in 1921 a population of 447. Cadney is 3 miles south of Brigg and at Howsham 3 miles to the east is a railway station. At Cadney there is the Norman and Early English church of All Saints. A severe gale took away the chancel roof in 1863 but it was soon replaced at the expense of the Earl of Yarborough. Inside the church is a stone inscribed in memory of the Pye family and dated 1699. The church was comprehensively restored in 1913. The Directory of course lists tradesmen and farmers and reveals that a Samuel Collingwood was farming at “Pepperdale”. Other areas within the parish are called Poolthorne, Cadney grange, Froghall & Grange farm, Brandycarr, Barff house and several other named farms and houses. The 1937 Directory indicates that in this parish a company called Linfarm Ltd farmed Pepperdale, Grange and Fox Farms. The name Pepperdale could just possibly shed some light on the origin of Pepperdine so I investigated further. I have a map of Lincolnshire published, on a scale of 2 miles to one inch, for the local company Ruddocks of Lincoln (which is unfortunately undated but possibly fifty years old). Despite the scale this does show Froghall Carr, Howsham Barff, Howsham Grange, Cadney Carr, Poolthorne, Brandy Carr and Newstead Priory but no trace of Pepperdale. However a more recent Ordnance Survey map shows both Pepperdale Farm and Pepperdale covert to the north of the hamlet of Howsham. Next step was to check the census returns and here we have more encouragement. The 1881 census RG11/3284 description of the parish is “The whole of the parish of Cadney -cum-Howsham including Cadney village, the hamlet of Howsham, the Barf, Pepperdale, Frog Hall, Railway station, Brandy Carr, Sandhills and Poolthorne”. Page 33 of this section of the census lists the inhabitants of the parish living at Pepperdale. In the 1891 census Pepperdale is found at RG12/2625 page 119 and consists of Farm House and cottages. It is mentioned earlier in the 1871 census at RG10/3428 page 58 and in the 1861 census at RG9/2398 page 38. The copy of the 1851 census which I consulted was difficult to read but I believe mentions Pepperdale at HO107/2116 page 176. The 1841 census was a much less detailed document and would not be expected to reveal farm names. It was some years since I had visited Lincolnshire Archives Office and my reader’s ticket had expired so I attended to have a new photograph taken and a new ticket issued. The Tithe Award of 1844 (ref E364) indicates that a David Hopkins farmed Pepperdale Farm as a tenant of the Earl of Yarborough. He was also a tenant of other parts of the parish under Robert Owston. The associated map for 1844 and an earlier one for 1833 again show the field and farm names mentioned above. A third map dated 1720 indicates a different picture as follows. The area to the north of Pepperdale was then called Beggarthorne Walk Pepperdale itself has an arrangement of fields and farms to the north west of Howsham named as follows Bardike, Little Com Close, Com Close, Bell Dale Snelford Close, Walk, Melton Close, Little Springwell Dale Sandhills, Walk, Little field , Great Springwell Dale Sandhills, Braclins Close, Great North Platt Sandhills, Walk, North Field, North Platt Low Garth, Oaks, Howsham village The area to the south was still called Poolthorne. Perhaps the presence of fields called Sandhills might indicate that Pepperdale refers to the fact that the soil was of a particularly fine sandy consistency? There are Deeds available for this parish dated 1550-1705 and 1572-1893 (Ref YARB 1/13, 2/11) but I did not find them easy to read There is no evidence to support the theory that this place name gave rise to the surname Pepperdine 3) Pepperton Pipe Rolls 2 Richard I (1190) 3&4 Richard I (1191-2) 5 Richard I (1193) 7 Richard I (1195) 9 Richard I (1197) all mention Papenden, Pappesden and explain that it is another spelling of Patinden, Pattesden which they identify as the present day Paddington in Abinger in Surrey. Pipe Rolls 10 Richard I (1198) identifies Piperinton as Peppering in Sussex. Alanus Pipps is mentioned three times in subsequent volumes for the years 1202-5 Feet of Fines for Norfolk 1198-1202 mention a John Pepin whilst Pipe Rolls 11 John (1209), 13 John (1211) and 14 John (1212) mention a Reg Pepin By 1 June 1991 Rosanna Hamilton (my seventh cousin in America) had finished a 30,000 name index to the English Chancery Proceedings. The indexed records began in the reign of Richard 11 about 1386 and go on to Philip and Mary. One entry was intriguing. The plaintiff was a Nicholas Fryer of East Bergholt, draper and church warden, the defendants were the bailiffs of Colchester. The case concerned an action by Richard Pepyrton, freemason, for wages retained by Kakes Darell of Manningtree, in compensation for bad freestone supplied by the said Pepyrton for the church of East Bergholt in Essex. The entry is dated 1533-1538. Could it be that Richard left Essex and turned up in Lincolnshire? There is no specific reason why he should move to Lincolnshire but if he was dealing in stone there would be plenty of work wherever he went if Henry the eighth was closing monasteries everywhere and many were being demolished and the stone used for repairing other buildings. The series of records called Close Rolls mention a manor in Pembrokeshire called Popeton, held by Stephen Perot 1320s. It appears again in the Inquisitions Post Mortem in the 1340s and 1370s. The calendar of Inquisitions miscellaneous show that John Perot of that manor died 1349 and had held land of Mary de Santo Paulo. The Catalogue of Ancient Deeds in entries about 1493 and 1511 mentions that a William Popton of Honyhoke in the lordship of Haverford sometimes called ‘husbandman’ and sometimes ‘tailor’, authorises the transfer of some land to his son John Popton. William is said to be formerly of Sutton in the said lordship in Pembrokeshire. Almost certainly the people were named after the manor but it does not help much. The Inquisitions Post Mortem for the 1370s mention the place Pipton ‘by Langoyt county Brecnock’. Ancient Deeds for about 1505 describe Pepyrton (see Pipton) as in the parish of Glasbury in county Brecon. Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII about 1540 mentions the grant to John Wakeman bishop of Gloucester and his successors of presentations of all chaplains, singers or stipendaries of the chapel of Pyperton in counties of Hereford or Gloucester which is clearly the same place, as the Patent Rolls for 1552 referring to the same agreement, mention Pyperton in Hereford (see Pipton county Brecon) as being the parish of Glasbury. Later in the same records in 1566 , land in Pipton or Piperton is granted to Robert Earl of Leicester, Baron of Denbigh. Once again we can see that the place name has given rise to a surname. In the Inquisitions Post Mortem for the 1380s Alan de Buxhull a knight held lands in Buxhull (143 and 18 acres), in Bernhurst (80 acres), in Ryngden (30 acres), in Haselden (20 acres), in Sokenerssh (150 acres) and 12 acres and a watermill in Enehame. These places I think were all in Sussex and were sublet to a Henry Pypesden for a term of 6 years from Michaelmas last at a rent of £36 yearly. The Patent Rolls for 1397 mention appointment of one Henry Pippesden as deputy to John Bernard, clerk of the King’s works to fell 400 oaks in the wood of Bataill, bought by the said John for the King’s work at the Tower of London, the manor of Sutton and elsewhere and to arrest and take carpenters, sawyers, workmen, ships and other vessels, masters and mariners and labourers as well as carts and carriage for transport thereof with power to imprison contrariants. Possibly the same Henry is mentioned again in Patent Rolls 1410 when Laurence Munde of Clyve county Kent is in trouble for failing to render his account to Henry Pypesden for the time when he was his bailiff in Odymer (Sussex?) and receiver. In 1556 in the reign of Philip and Mary the Patent Rolls record that the borough and town of Thaxted county Essex were allowed to appoint 24 Capital Burgesses to form a common council for all causes and business touching the borough and its good rule and governance. A William Peperton is mentioned as one of the twenty four nominated and from their number they chose a mayor and two bailiffs. IRELAND Before concluding that perhaps these people had their origins in the Welsh place now called Pipton in the parish of Glasbury North East of Brecon (now in the county of Powys) we should consider other explanations. The Calendar of Documents relating to Ireland 1302-7 includes lists of ecclesiastical taxation. In the Deanery of Fythard in Ireland there is mention of Peppardstown or Piperton or Pipertone. Today you will find Felhard on a map to the east of Tipperary but Peppardstown you will only find if a large scale map is available. Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII for 1537 mentions a Peperton in County Meath which is presumably in Ireland but possibly not the same place, as Meath seems to be north of Dublin. Here a William Bath is described as a traitor and one of the properties received from him according to the accounts of William Brabson, the King’s under treasurer, is the lordship of Peperton, Peppardstown vicarage is mentioned in 1606 in the calendar of Irish documents and clearly identified as in county Tipperary. Boyd’s Marriage Index shows four Pepperton marriages in Essex. it is not a surname that survives today 1550 Catherine Pepperton = William Glascock in Henham 1591 William Pepperton - Elizabeth Durrant in Shalford 1629 Jonas Pepperton - ? Howlett in Rayleigh 1682 William Pepperton = Susan Ham in Widford Only the second of these appears in the Essex IGI and no baptisms are listed which is a little surprising given the wide distribution of the marriages around the county The next step was to visit Essex Record Offices to try to identify a common source for these marriages. If the Catherine who married in 1550 could be shown to have a relative named Isabel this would increase the likelihood that Pepperton became Pepperdine when part of the family moved to Lincolnshire. In the event no William was found who could have moved to Lincolnshire 4) Pepperday or Peberdy There is yet another possible trail, this time to the north of Lincolnshire. Patent Rolls 1348 indicate that the manor of Thornton in the liberty of Norham was held by Agnes the late wife of Robert de Horneclif, John Papedy or Papidy was an adherent of the Scots so was barred from inheriting the title to this land. Later in these records in 1357 a Commission of Oyer and Terminer is set up in the county of Northumberland. (This is the appointment of local persons to conduct an inquisition ie to hear and to judge). Henry de Percy and six others were appointed on information that John, son of Stephen Papedy and three others have traitorously adhered to the Scots against the King and have many times perpetrated treasons, plunderings, homicide, felonies and evils in the realm to the danger of the destruction of England in 1409 the Patent Rolls mention a John Papeday of Newcastle on Tyne On 1st October 1813 a Martha Pepperdine was baptised in the parish of Whittlesea St Mary, Cambridgeshire, daughter of Samuel and Rebecca followed by a Thomas Pepperdine on 22nd Feb 1816 son of the same parents. No mention of these four Pepperdines has been found anywhere else, so I thought it best to take a closer look at this parish. It seems that William 1795 and Elizabeth 1798 were baptised children of Samuel and Rebecca Pepperty and William 1797, Samuel 1799, James 1803, Simon 1804, Rebecca 1806, Samuel 1808, Sarah 1809 and Martha 1810 were baptised children of Samuel and Rebecca Pepperday. The registers also record the burials of children of this couple William 1794, John 1803, Ann 1804, Simon 1804, Martha 1811 and Martha 1814, in every case recorded as Pepperday. There are other families of Pepperdays in this parish at this time as well as Castledine families. The Pepperdays and Peberdys are most common in Leicestershire and it seems that at least one family moved to the Fens of Cambridgeshire where the name showed a tendency to change to Pepperdine. This would probably come about because the damp air induced adenoidal accents and the presence of the name Castledine in the same parish caused confusion. The parish was a centre for the manufacture of bricks as the local clay was particularly suitable for this activity. Could it be that John Pepperdine, the convict transported to Australia from Grantham was in fact related to these Pepperdays? This would explain why no connection can be found with other Pepperdine families. There is of course a more serious question here. Could it be that an earlier family of Pepperdays moved from Leicestershire to the centre of Lincolnshire where they became Pepperdines, perhaps because they had settled close to Burton Pedwardine and had lost contact with their relatives in Leicestershire? It is possible and if I believed this I would not hesitate to let you know. However there is much circumstantial evidence that Pepperdines were Pedwardines and no evidence at all of the name Pepperday in the area around Burton Pedwardine. It seems unlikely that the name of a family could change so completely leaving no local trace of the original spelling. I am certainly not deliberately trying to prove a connection with the Pedwardines and still have an open mind. However my collection of information on the Pedwardines (and Petwardines) begins to look as if it will never yield any positive proof that we are related. Isn’t it strange that Pepperdines appear in the centre of Lincolnshire and we seem to be faced with a choice. Did they come from the Petwardine family over the Lincolnshire border in Yorkshire to the north or did they come from the Pepperdays over the Lincolnshire border to the south. The possibility still exists that the Grantham Pepperdines who can be traced no further back than Moulton may have originally been Pepperdays. 5) Pedwardine or Petwardine Mentions of Pe(d/t)wardine in Yorkshire. Demonstration of Petwardine changing to Pepperdine in Howden Yorkshire. Perhaps this happened by syncopation, which is not just a musical expression but can also mean to shorten a word by omitting a letter or syllable. We know that there are many parts of England today where the local people do not pronounce the letter 't' if it appears in the middle of a word. If a similar tendency existed in this part of Yorkshire in past centuries they would begin to pronounce Petwardine as Pe'wardine or Pe'erdine and the clerk would have to deduce how it should be spelt when written. The details have been listed here in strict chronological order*, the first parish register entry is in 1549/50, there is mention of a John who died in Doncaster, but used the same alias as the Howden Petwardines, suggesting that they had lived in the parish for some time before parish registers started. This is: "1487sep14. Administration of John Petwardyne alias Houeden of Doncaster(vol23 fol334)" In this case it seems that the alias came to be used when a Petwardine left Howden to settle in Doncaster but was also known as Howden because that is where he came from. The alias was passed on down the generations even when branches of the family returned to Howden and perhaps Howdell is a variant. This is not as unlikely as you might suppose, 'n' and 'l' are known to be interchangeable in variants of other surnames. Asselby, Balkholme, Barmby, Belby, Booth, Cotnes, Hive, Howden, Kilpin, Knedlington, Laxton, Linton with Newland, Metham, Saltmarsh, Skelton, Thorpe and Yorkfleet are parts of the large parish of Howden in Yorkshire at the mouth of the river Ouse. Geographically it consists of 20 square miles of alluvial land and was part of the land held by the Bishop of Durham for many years. This is an exceptionally large parish and it would have been difficult for the curate to be aware of all births and deaths as the townships were so remote from the parish church. For the same reason perhaps some couples did not make the effort to marry officially and consequently we have incomplete records. Chapels built at Barmby and Laxton (each four miles from Howden) only partly resolved these problems. The figures after each entry are the page numbers in a transcription of the registers published by The Yorkshire Parish Register Society. All our entries appear in Volume I or Volume II Additional items found in the Yorkshire Archaeological Journal are listed here in date order. key:- Bur=burial M =Marriage C =Baptism, als=alias d=daughter Bur1549/50feb8 Edmond Petwardine (II 3) Bur1551dec26 John Petwardtine of Skelton (II 12) Bur1551/2jan Agnes daughter of John Petwardine of Skelton (II 13) Bur1552nov16 Robart son to Edmond Petwardine of Booth (II 17) Bur1553jun13 Ellen Petwardine of Booth (II 19) M 1556jun7 Wm Petwardine=An Wolfett (I 7) M 1563jun30 Jennett Petwardine=Robert Nelson of Kilpin (I 10) M 1564apl30 Robt Petwardine=Alice Arnald of Skelton (I 11) Bur1564jun27 An wife to William Petwardine of Booth (II 34) C 1564oct22 Guillmus Petwardine als Howdall son of Roberti of Skelton (I 98) C 1565/6mar10 Margareta Petwardine als Houdell d of Guillmi of Booth (I 101)Bur1566jul10 Margaret daughter to William Petwardine of Booth (II 38) C 1567apl13 Margareta Pettwardine d of Roberti of Skelton (I 104) C 1567sep29 Nicholaus Pettwardine als Howdell son of Guillmi of Booth (I 105) C 1568sep11 Elizabetha Pettwardine d of Guillmi of Booth (I 106) C 1570apl9 Barbara Petwardine als Howdell d of Guillmi of Booth (I 109) Bur1570nov18 Elizabeth wife to William Petwardine of Booth (II 46) Bur1571/2jan27 William Petwardine son to Robert Nelson of Kilpin (II 50) C 1571/2feb16 Thomas Petwardine son of Roberti of Skelton (I 114) Bur1572apl11 Elizabeth daughter to William Petwardine of Booth (II 50 C 1574apl30 Robertus Pettwardine son of Roberti of Skelton (I 119) Bur1574may10 Robart son to Robert Petwardine of Skelton (II 56) C 1575dec24 Johannes Petwardyne als Howden son of Roberti of Skelton (I 123) M 1579jun28 Wm Petwardine of Skelton=Jane Slater (I 21) C 1579oct20 Robert Petwardine als Howdell son of Roberti of Skelton (I 132) M 1580jun5 Henrie Petwardine of Knedlington=Agnes Awdus (I 21) M 1580nov20 Cather Petwardine=Georg Casse of Barmby (I 22) C 1581mar27 Elizabetha Pettwardine d of Henrici of Knedlington (I 136) C 1581dec16 Robertus Petwardine son of Guillmi of Knedlington (I 137) C 1582oct21 Agnes Petwardine als Howden d of Robti of Asselby (I 139) Bur1583jun20 William Petwardtine als Howden of Skelton (II 75) M 1583dec1 John Petwardine=Charity Atkinson of Howden (I 24) C 1582/3jan13 Elizabetha Petwartine als Howden d of Willmi of Skelton (I 140) C 1583oct5 Willms Petwardine son of Henr of Knedlington (I 141) Bur1584dec9 Frances daughter to John Petwardine of Howden (II 78) M 1585nov24 Agns Petwardine=? Brown of Eastrington (I 25) Bur1585nov27 Charitie wife to John Petwartine of Howden (II 80) C 1586jul16 John Petwardine son of Henrie of Knedlington (I 148) C 1586dec21 An Petwardine d of John of Howden (I 149) Bur1587may16 Robart son to William Petwardtine of Skelton (II 84) Bur1588sep17 Agnes wife of Henrie Petwardtine of Knedlington (II 89) Bur1588dec13 William son to Robert Petwardtine of Asselby (II 89) Bur1588dec15 Agnes daughter to Robert Petwardtine of Asselby (II 90) Bur1588dec18 Robart Petwardtine of Asselby (II 90) Bur1588/9jan26 Alice wife to Robert Petwardtine of Asselby (II 90) C 1588/9mar1 Isabell Petwardine als Howdall d of John of Howden (I 154) M 1589apl8 Henrie Petwardine of Knedlington=Agnes ? (I 28) M 1589jun1 Nicolas Petwardine of Booth=Eliz Awdus (I 28) Bur1589dec6 William Petwardtine als Howden of Booth (II 92) C 1589dec21 Barbara Petwardine d of Henrie of Knedlington (I 156) C 1589/90mar25 Marie Petwardine als Howden d of Nicolas of Booth (I 157) C 1590/1feb1 Marie Petwardine d of John (I 158) Bur1591apl18 John Petwardtine als Howdon (II 97) Bur1591jun8 Marie daughter to John Petwardtine of Howden (II 97) C 1592may6 Elizabeth Petwardine d of Nicholas of Booth (I 160) Bur1592/3jan10 Frances daughter to Edward Petwardtine of Knedlington (II 103)Bur1593dec28 Elizabeth daughter to Nicolas Petwartine of Booth (II 105) C 1594oct1 An Petwardine d of Henrie of Knedlington (I 165) C 1594/5feb21 Edward Petwardine son of Nicolas of Booth (I 166) (At this point it is worth noting a mention elsewhere which shows the name spelt Pep_ _ _ but clearly identifies the individual as one of the family who are using the alias. So there seems to be no possibility that the spelling Pep_ _ _ has arrived with an individual from Metheringham in Lincolnshire. Yorks Archae and Topographical Association Record Series Vol VIII of 1889. Feet of Fines of the Tudor period. Laurence Harryson and Nicholas Pepertyne als Howdell:- plaintiffs Roger Rante gent and Ann his wife:- Deforciants Nature and situation of the property:- messuage with lands in Howden and Newsome a warrant against Edmond Downinge and his heirs. 1596/7 Hilary Term 39 Elizabeth.) C 1596/7jan29 Barbara Petwardine d of Nicholas of Booth (I 171) C 1597apl30 Robart Petwardine son of Henrie of Knedlington (I 171) M 1597may29 Thoms Petwardine of Skelton=Philip ? (I 34) Bur1597jun7 Barbara daughter to Nicolas Petwardtine of Booth (II 113) C 1598jun17 Jenet Petwartine d of Tho of Skelton (I 174) C 1598jun23 Willm Petwartine son of Nicholas of Booth (I 174) M 1598/9jan27 John Petwardtine of Knedlington=Eliz ? (I 36) C 1600jun28 Thoms Petwardine son of Nicholas of Booth (I 179) (the index to the transcription shows William in place of Nicholas on page 179) C 1600nov9 Marie Petwartine (als H?) d of John of Howden (I 180) C 1601/2feb26 Peter Petwartine son of Tho of Skelton (I 182) Bur1602may26 An wife to Henry Petwardine of Knedlington (II 124) Bur1603aug4 Thomas Petwardtine of Skelton (II 127) C 1603dec24 Nicholas son of John Perpentine of Booth (I 186) C 1603dec31 Isabell Petwardine d of Nicolas of Booth (I 186) M 1604may10 Philipa Petwardine=Thomas Rea of Cotnes (I 38) M 1604oct29 Henrie Petwartine of Knedlington=Alice ? (I 39) 1604nov24 Will of Elizabeth Peppertyne of Newsham, in York Registry (Vol29 Fol656) buried Wressel 1605aug2. C 1606sep1 An Petwardine d of John of Booth (I 193) Bur1607apl26 Henrie Petwardine of Knedlington (II 133) C 1609aug5 Isabell Pepertin d of John of Booth (I 201) Yorks Archaeological Journal VolXIX Pg478 1907 In Howden, Yorks an inquiry in 1609oct7 into ownership of three oxgangs of land mentions Nicholas Petwardine in a writ dated Westminster 30jun7 James I (Note:- the owner of three oxgangs would in theory be required to contribute three oxen towards the full team of eight required to pull a plough. He and the owners of the other five oxen would then cooperate to plough all their lands). Bur1609sep1 Isabell daughter to John Peppertine of Booth (II 137) C 1610/1mar3 Elizabeth Peppertine d of John of Booth (I 205) VolLIII Pg142 John Petwartyne als Howden 1610 Michaelmas Term 8 Jas 1 Stuart Fines Thos Stephenson, quer: Hugh Drinkhaile and Anne his wife, def. Lands in Howden. Warranty against heirs of John Petwartyne als Howden. Bur1612oct5 John Petwardine of Knedlington (II 145) M 1612oct11 John Petwardine of Knedlington=Margaret Dawson (I 44) M 1612/3jan30 John Petwardine of Asselby=An Robinson (I 46) Bur1612/3mar23 Nicholas son to John Petwardine of Knedlington (II 148) Bur1613nov10 A son to John Peppertine of Asselby (II 150) Bur1613nov17 Margaret wife to John Pepptin of Asselby (II 150) C 1614nov27 Willm Petwardine son of John of Asselby (I 215) Bur1614dec17 William son to John Petwardine of Asselby (II 153) Bur1615apl30 Elizabeth daughter to John Petwardine of Knedlington (II 154) C 1615/6mar3 John Petwardine son of John of Asselby (I 219) (the index shows Jane on pg 219 but only John appears) M 1616may4 Eliz Petwardine=Nicholas Chappellay of Knedlington (I 47) C 1617dec20 Alice Petwardine d of John of Asselby (I 222) M 1619aug29 Edward Petwardine of Booth=Margaret Haxbie (I 49) C 1619/20jan9 Richard Petwardine son of Rich of Asselby (I 227) C 1620aug31 John Petwardine son of Edward of Booth (I 229) M 1620oct22 Willm Petwardine of Booth=Mary Lowther (I 50) M 1620nov26 John Petwardine of Knedlington=Jane Berkenfield (I 50) Bur1621may5 Alice daughter to John Petwardine of Asselby (II 168) Bur1621oct14 A daughter to Robert Petwardine of Booth (II 169) M 1622nov23 Isabel(l) Petwardine=Mat(t)hew Heward of Howden (I 51) C 1622/3mar14 Henrie Petwardine son of John of Asselby (I 235) M 1623jul23 Thoms Petwardine of Booth=An Wadsworth (I 51) C 1623sep14 Jane Petwardine d of Willm of Booth (I 236) Bur1623apl5 Henry son to John Petwardine of Asselby (II 173) Bur1623/4mar13 Mary wife to William Petwardine of Howden (II 176) C 1624nov11 Humfraii Petwardine son of John of Booth (I 238) Yorks Archaeological Journal Vol16 Pg27 William Pedwardine of Howden and Elizabeth Pulleyn of St Michael Spurriergate, York a licence to marry at either place 1625. (Paver's marriage licences). Bur1625sep18 Humfray son to John Petwardine of Asselby (II 180) Bur1625dec7 Edward Petwardine of Booth (II 180) Bur1626mar25 William Petwardine of Spaldington (II 183) 1626Apl Administration of Edward Petwardine who died without leaving a will. M 1626jul2 Margaret Petwardine=Thoms Wilson of Howdendike (I 53) M 1626oct27 Mary Petwardine=James Wadsworth of Knedlington (I 53) C 1626sep22 Eliz Petwardine d of Thoms of Knedlington (I 242) C 1626sep30 Eliz Petwardine d of John of Asselby (I 242) An Admin from Acts books 1620-1627:- 1627may16 William Petwardine of Spaldington, Harthill. mentions Knedlington and Robert) C 1627oct26 Debarah Petwardine d of Wm of Howden (I 244) Bur1627nov16 Debora daughter to William Petwardine of Howden (II 184) Bur1628jun4 A son to Robert Petwardine of Knedlington (II 186) C 1629oct3 Isabell Petwardine d of Thoms of Knedlington (I 249) C 1630jun4 Thoms Petwardine son of John of Asselby (I 251) M 1630oct17 Jane Petwardine=Mark Beelbie of Spaldington (I 56) C 1630dec19 James Petwardine son of Willm of Booth (I 252) Bur1630oct3 A daughter to Robert Petwardine of Knedlington (II 190) Bur1630/1jan25 Thomas son to John Petwardine of Asselby (II 191) Bur1631dec29 Elizabeth wife to Nicolas Petwardine of Booth (II 194) C 1632sep8 Nicolas Petwardine son of Thoms of Knedlington (I 255) Bur1634may28 Jane wife to Robert Petwardine of Knedlington (II 199) M 1634nov30 Rob(er)t Petwardine(of Knedlington)=Phillis Noble (I 59) C 1635dec25 Thoms Petwardine son of Thoms of Knedlington (I 262) Bur1636jun7 Thomas son to Thomas Petwardine of Knedlington (II 204) C 1636oct3 John Petwardine son of John of Knedlington (I 263) C 1637may27 Barbara Petwardine d of Thoms of Knedlington (I 265) Bur1637/8jan13 An wife to John Petwardine of Asselby (II 208) Bur1639aug20 Isabell daughter to Thomas Petwardine of Knedlington (II 212) Bur1639sep24 Edward son to William Petwardine of Booth (II 212) C 1640apl21 Willm Petwardine son of Thoms of Knedlington (I 271) C 1640jul19 An Petwardine d of Robert of Knedlington (I 271) Bur1641sep15 An wife to Thomas Petwardine of Knedlington (II 218) Bur1642/3jan27 William Petwardine of Booth (II 221) Bur1643apl7 An daughter to Robert Petwardine of Knedlington (II 222) C 1644nov14 Edward Petwardine son of John of Booth (I 280) Bur1645aug20 Barbara daughter to Thomas Petwardine of Knedlington (II 230) C 1650apl21 John Petwardyce son of John of Asselby (I 284) Bur1651aug9 Thomas Howdell als Petwardyne of Knedlington (II 235) C 1652/3mar6 Mary Petwardyne als Feilder d of John of Asselby (I 287) C 1654/5feb28 John Petwardyne als Howdle son of John, ferryman of Booth (I 297)Bur1654/5mar8 John son to John Petwardine alias Howdle of Booth, ferryman. (I 323) C 1655aug25 Thomas Petwardyne als Howdell son of Nicholas, husbandman of Booth (I 299) Bur1655sep24 Thomas son to Nicholas Petwardine alias Howdell of Booth husbandman (II 326) 1665nov Will of John Petwardine, yeoman of Booth. Mentions son Edward, daughter Barbara, daughter Mary and John Lowther of Howden. Jonh signed his own name, witnessed by John Petwardine senior and George Haward M 1656dec2 Nicholas Petwardine of Booth, ferryman=Margaret Audous (I 318) C 1657may20 Anne Petwardyne d of Nichlas(junior) of Booth (I 289) Bur1657may20 Ann daughter to Nicholas Petwardyne jun'r of Booth (I 289) Bur1658may15 Anne daughter to Nicolas Petwardyne of Booth (II 243) Bur1658dec2 John Houdel als Petwardyne of Asselby (II 246) C 1658/9jan12 John Petwardyne son of John of Asselby (I 290) Bur1658/9feb8 Margaret Petwardyne of Asselby (II 246) Bur1659oct25 An infant of Nicolas Petwardine of Booth (II 283) Bur1659dec29 Nicolas son of Nicolas Petwardyne of Booth (II 283) Bur1660apl17 Phillippa Petwardyne of Knedlington wid (II 284) Bur1661jul5 Issabel wife of John Howdel als Petwardyne of Booth (II 287) (Collected 1662jun8 by his majesty's letters patent for the inhabitants of Metheringham ye sum of 13/5d) Bur1665jul1 Mary daughter of John Peperdine of Booth (II 296) M 1666jul21 Edward Howdall alias Petwardine of Booth=Elizabeth Browne of Howden (II 255 ) Bur1667may4 Nicholas Petwardine of Booth (II 301) Bur1668dec28 William Petwardine of Booth (II 306) C 1669jul23 Joyce daughter of Edward Petwardine of Booth Bur1670aug4 Joyce daughter to Edward Pepperdine of Booth (II 311) 1670jun Administration of John Petwardine alias Howdell of Booth who died without will. Mentions Barbara. 1671july. Will of Richard Petwardine of Hive mentions daughter Elizabeth, son William and kinsman John. (Richard made his mark.) C 1672oct3 John son of Edward Pepwardine of Booth Bur1674may31 Elizabeth daughter of Elizabeth Pepwerdine of Booth (II 322) C 1674oct19 Sarah daughter of Edward Pepwardine of Booth (II 333) Bur1675aug23 Elizabeth w of Edward Petwardine of Booth (II 324) M 1677nov13 William Hakins of Kilpin=Mary Pepwardine (II 264) Bur1678/9feb10 Nicholas Pepwardine of Howden (II 331) Bur1679sep14 Sarah daughter of Edward Pepwardine of Booth (II 333) C 1681/2mar2 Edward son to Edward Petwardine of Booth (II 344) Bur1681/2mar4 Edward son to Edward Petwardine of Booth (II 344) Bur1681/2mar12 Nicholas son to Nicholas Petterdine of Booth (II 344) C 1683oct2 Isabell daughter of Edward Petwardine of Booth Bur1685Apl24 Nicholas Pettwardine of Booth (II 351) Bur1686/7jan17 Elizabeth Pettwardine Booth (II 354) Bur1688sep28 John son to Edward Petwardine of Booth (II 357) C 1689oct18 Elizabeth daughter to Edward Petwardine of Knedlington. M 1692apl_ Edward Petwardine of Booth=Ann Holdsworth of Howden (II 273) Bur1710may9 Mary daughter of Edward Pepperdine of Knedlington (II 444) Bur1711aug2 Edward Petwarden of Knedlington (II 446). Bur1715/6feb13 An Pepertine of Knedlington (II 452) Bur1721nov18 Ann daughter of Edward Petwardine of Knedlington (II 465) Bur 1746 nov 29 Sarah Peppertine at Thorne St Nicholas Yorks, West Riding * Anyone who is unaware of the following facts may have thought there were some errors in the above listing. The Romans began the development of our current calendar and calculated that a leap year was needed every four years to keep the calendar in step with the solar year. Their calculations were not quite correct and by the time of Pope Gregory XIII it was necessary to drop ten days from the calendar. His decree was that 1582oct4 would be followed by 1582oct15. It was already known then that a leap year was not required when a year was divisible by 100 unless it was also divisible by 400. So 1900 was not a leap year but 2000 will be a leap year. Only countries which were catholic at the time followed this direction and protestant countries adopted the 'new calendar' at various later dates. This lead to difficulties in international communications. The most quoted example being that William of Orange left Holland in 1688nov11 and arrived in England in 1688nov5. In Great Britain and Ireland the change from old style to new style was eventually brought about by the 'Chesterfield Act' of March1751, which first required the next 1 January would be the first day of 1752 and that eleven days would be omitted later when 1752sep2 would be followed by 1752sep14. Until the year end was changed from March25 to December31 we can be confused when looking at old documents. So if you look at the third entry in this list the original document says that Agnes was buried in January 1551. Today we would say this was January 1552 and so that we do not suppose it occurred before December 1551 it is safer to write it as 1551/2. The Bishop’s Transcripts for the parish of Burton Pedwardine in Lincolnshire were examined closely. In one case they are introduced with the following statement “A true and perfect copy of registers of Burton Peperdine for ye year of our Lord 1722”. There are similar errors earlier in 1597 and 1625 when the parish is named “Burton Peperdyne”. Can these be just clerical errors? They seem to suggest similar pronunciation but this is not proof of the origin of Pepperdine. The complete IGI for England was searched and surprisingly the surname Petwardine was found to survive in the Yorkshire parish of Howden but not elsewhere. Examination of printed copies of these registers revealed later entries and suggested that it was transforming into Pepperdine. B=burial, M=marriage, C=baptism. All entries were recorded and then sorted into chronological order. The registers start in 1542 and the first mentions of the name are five burials between 1549 and 1553 suggesting a large family had settled there. Many of the earlier Petwardines have the alias Howden or Howdell or Howdall or Houdell. (One wonders how this surname can vary like this, either it is spelt the same way as the parish or it is not). The family name is spelt Petwardine with variants Petwardine, Pettwardine, Petwartine and Petwardyce occurring at intervals, and is last mentioned in 1721 as Petwardine. But it gradually corrupted as the family died out. C1609 Pepertin C1610 Peppertine B1613 Peppertine B1613 Pepplin B1665 Peperdine B1670 Pepperdine B1674 Pepwerdine B1678 Pepwardine B1679 Pepwardine B1710 Pepperdine The wife and six children of a male called Edward are recorded towards the end. Edward Petwarden died Howden in 1711, perhaps the last male of the family name. Whether he had any children is not known yet. In June 1662 the sum of 13s 5d was collected for the inhabitants of Metheringham in Lincolnshire. If there were connections between the two parishes it is possible the existence of Pepperdines in Metheringham could have caused confusion in Howden. I was finally persuaded that Pepperdine was originally Petwardine when I found a feet of fines for Yorkshire concerning land in the parish of Howden dated 1596/7. Here one of the plaintiffs is Nicholas Pepertyne alias Howdell. The alias firmly establishes him as Nicholas Petwardine and the name Nicholas was never used by the Lincolnshire Pepperdines who had in any case only been in existence since 1562 as far as we know. The only disappointment is that the only William Petwardine who appears earlier enough in Howden to have founded the first Lincolnshire Pepperdine family seems to have died with his wife in Howden. There may have been two Williams there of course, but perhaps it is more likely that the name Pepperdine has arisen in Lincolnshire as a separate variant of the once well represented Pedwardines in that county. I have no doubt now that as more records are searched they will only serve to strengthen this impression. My early mistake was to accept that the two baptisms in Howden on the IGI must be variants of Pepperdine and that a Pepperdine migrated there briefly. I did not look at the registers and was quite unaware of the existence of the Petwardines on the IGI. The manorial records for Howden are too numerous to search whilst in full employment but a John Petwardyne alias Houeden died intestate in Doncaster in 1487, which perhaps explains the alias and suggests that the Petwardines were present in Howden for several years before the first parish register entries. Back to Pepperdine home page
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